Cell Membrane was discovered by Swiss botanists Carl Naegeli and C. Crammer in 1855. Introduction: The cell membrane is also called the plasma membrane, cytoplasmic or protoplasmic membrane. Cell The membrane is the second layer in plant cells below the … Read more
The mitochondria (Gr.,mito=thread, chondrion =granle) are filamentous or granular cytoplasmic organelles of all aerobic cells of higher animals and plants and also of certain micro-organisms including Algae, Protozoa and Fungi. These are absent in bacterial cells. They also contain specific … Read more
Angiosperms and gymnosperms are two types of seed-bearing plants that exhibit several similarities. This resemblance can be attributed to the fact that gymnosperms existed for approximately 200 million years before the evolution of angiosperms. Angiosperms contain or bear closed seeds … Read more
Bacteria are unicellular organisms with a simple structure. They are considered prokaryotes because of the absence of a well-formed nucleus. Structure and Function of a Typical Bacterial Cell with Diagram. The cell structure includes a complex membrane, membrane-bound protoplast, cell … Read more
The root apical meristem is a type of meristem located at the tip of a root. It is responsible for the growth of the root in length and the formation of lateral roots. The meristem consists of undifferentiated cells that … Read more
Introduction: Ecology studies the interactions between organisms and their physical and biotic environment. The physical environment can be built (i.e., created by people) or it can be natural (i.e., trees, rivers, etc.). The physical environment includes land, air, water, plants … Read more
